【九届通译杯】大赛辅导-阅读1

大赛辅导-阅读1

了解实施背景和世界新闻走向是口译员的基本必备素养，也是每日功课之一。阅读新闻，收听全球媒体新闻播报是很好的途径。新闻时事的内容固然重要，但同时新闻的叙述方式，行文逻辑也值得思考和学习。通过阅读新闻，我们可以熟悉生词，增强自己的词汇、知识积累，也可以学习更地道的表达方式，devil’s in the details，对于细节的关注将让你受益匪浅。

英语专业的同学们可能对“精读”这个概念十分熟悉了，这是一种很好的学习外语的方法，但是“精读”在“精”，不在“多”，阅读和学习的质量是关键。今天跟大家分享一则新闻，并通过精读的方式进行研学。

原文：

Donald Trump said talks with China were “back on track” after what he called an “excellent” meeting with Xi Jinping at the G20 summit in Osaka.

 “We had a very good meeting with President Xi of China. Excellent, I would say excellent. As good as it was going to be,” Mr. Trump said. “We discussed a lot of things and we’re right back on track. And we’ll see what happens but we had a really good meeting.”

Mr. Trump said at a press conference following the meeting that he had agreed not to impose new tariffs for now. “We agreed that I would not be putting tariffs on $325bn that I would have the ability to put on,” he said.

The US president also appeared to soften his previous stance on Huawei, the Chinese telecoms group. The Trump administration earlier this year put Huawei on the so-called Entity List which made it much harder for US companies to sell to the Chinese company. But Mr. Trump on Saturday said he had decided that “US companies can sell their equipment to Huawei”.

Asked if he was considering removing Huawei from the Entity List, Mr. Trump said: “We are looking at that very carefully.”

G20 leaders have been watching closely to see if the leaders of the world’s two biggest economies could reach an agreement to end a bitter trade war that has escalated over the past year. The two sides were approaching a deal when talks collapsed at the last minute in early May, prompting both sides to blame the other.

The US-China trade truce follows a similar pattern to last year when Mr. Trump and Mr. Xi met at the G20 summit in Buenos Aires in an attempt to find a resolution to a dispute that has seen the imposition of tit-for-tat tariffs on hundreds of billions of dollars of Chinese and American exports.

Trade has been the main focus of this year’s two-day summit. Mr. Xi on Saturday accused rich countries of engaging in protectionism that was “destroying the global trade order”. Shinzo Abe, the Japanese prime minister, recognized that globalization had sparked a “sharp confrontation” between countries, but stressed that governments should ensure that all trade measures complied with World Trade Organization rules.

Mr. Trump told reporters before his meeting with Mr. Xi that the pair had become friends that he believed they would be able to forge an agreement.

“As you know, we’ve had an excellent relationship, but we want to do something that will even it up with respect to trade,” Mr. Trump said. “I think it’s something that’s actually very easy to do.”

“I actually think that we were very close and then . . . something happened where it slipped a little bit, and now we’re getting a little bit closer,” Mr. Trump added in public remarks to Mr. Xi.

Separately, Mr. Trump on Saturday extended an invitation to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at the demilitarized zone that divides the Korean peninsula when he visits South Korea after the G20.

“After some very important meetings, including my meeting with President Xi of China, I will be leaving Japan for South Korea (with President Moon),” Mr. Trump tweeted. “While there, if Chairman Kim of North Korea sees this, I would meet him at the Border/DMZ just to shake his hand and say Hello (?)!

The White House is making preparations for a meeting by drafting an official invitation which North Korea requested following the tweet, according to a person familiar with the situation.

If Mr. Trump meets Mr. Kim, it would be the third meeting between the two leaders, following their landmark first summit in Singapore last year and a second meeting in Hanoi in February.

精读分析：

1.       back on track/ be right back on track

回归正轨，得以继续。Track是铁轨的意思，back on则意味着之前行动或事件的发展轨迹不尽如人意，在纠正之后回归正轨，引申为得以继续进行的意思。

2.       to impose new tariffs

tariff，关税；与其相配的动词impose，意为施加关税。

3.       to soften one’ s stance on something

soften，软化；即某人在某事上的立场软化

4.       so-called

这一用法在口译实践中也经常出现，是“所谓的”的意思。E.g. the whole so-called philanthropy ball is all an act to show off his wealth.

5.       a bitter trade war

激烈的贸易战。这里bitter的用法十分生动形象。除了“苦”，bitter本来就还有激烈的、尖刻的意思。

6.       escalated

升级，通常是指事件更加紧急，情况更加恶略。

7.       tit-for-tat tariffs

tit for tat, 即“以牙还牙”、“针锋相对”的意思，同样的意思还可以直译为an eye for an eye。在本文中，tit-for-tat作为定语，形容两国之间的关税措施针锋相对。

8.       protectionism

保护主义。即以维护本国利益作为是否适用本国法律的依据；任何侵害了本国利益的人，不论其国籍和所在地域，都要受该国法律的追究， 使其得到该国认为其应有的惩罚。在国际贸易中以保护国内产业为目的的经济政策。国际贸易中最常见的保护主义是保护关税政策。

9.       DMZ

即Demilitarized Zone，非军事区。也是大家所熟知的“三八线”，1953年7月27日在经历将近三年的朝鲜战争后，双方决定于板门店签署了《韩朝停战协定》，自此确立了以38度线及其周围地区所组成的朝韩非军事区。

10.   The White House

这里的 White House，白宫，通过借代的修辞手法，代指美国政府。同样的用法在口译实践中也经常出现，如用Beijing 代指中国政府等。

参考译文：

美国总统唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)称，与中国的谈判“重回正轨”。他还表示，在20国集团(G20)大阪峰会上与中国国家主席习近平进行了一次“好极了”的会晤。

特朗普称：“我们跟中国的习主席进行了一次非常好的会晤。好极了，我要说好极了。像预期的一样好。我们讨论了很多事，我们又回到了正轨。接下来我们会看看会发生什么，但是我们真的进行了一次非常好的会晤。”

特朗普在会后的一场新闻发布会上表示，他已同意暂时不加征新的关税。“我们达成一致，我不会对我本来可以加征关税的3250亿美元（中国商品）加征关税。”

这位美国总统似乎还软化了之前对待中国电信设备制造商华为(Huawei)的立场。特朗普政府今年早些时候把华为列入所谓的“实体清单”(Entity List)，大大加大美国公司向这家中国公司销售产品的难度。但特朗普周六表示，他已决定，“美国公司可以向华为销售设备”。在被问到是否在考虑将华为移出“实体清单”时，特朗普表示：“我们在非常仔细地考虑这一点。”

G20领导人一直在密切关注世界最大两个经济体的元首能否达成协议，以结束这场在过去一年不断升级的痛苦的贸易战。今年5月初，双方已接近达成协议，但谈判在最后一刻破裂，导致双方都指责对方破坏谈判。

此次美中贸易“休战”与去年的一幕非常相似：特朗普与习近平去年在布宜诺斯艾利斯G20峰会上举行了会晤，试图为这场导致中美两国数千亿美元出口商品被针锋相对加征关税的贸易争端找到解决方案。

贸易一直是今年为期两天的G20峰会的主要焦点。习近平周六指责富裕国家采取贸易保护主义，破坏国际贸易秩序。日本首相安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)承认，全球化在各国之间引发了“激烈对抗”，但他强调，各国政府应确保所有贸易措施都符合世界贸易组织(WTO)规则。

在与习近平会晤前，特朗普对记者们表示，两位领导人已成为了朋友，他认为他们能够达成一项协议。

“你们知道，我们的关系很好，但我们希望在贸易方面做些公平的事情，”特朗普表示，“我认为实际上这做起来很容易。”

特朗普在公开谈到习近平时补充称：“实际上我认为我们过去非常亲近，接着……发生了一些事情，关系冷淡了一点，现在我们正变得更亲近一点。”

另外，特朗普在周六发出邀请，希望在G20会议后访问韩国时在分割朝鲜半岛的朝韩非军事区会见朝鲜领导人金正恩(Kim Jong Un)。

 “在进行了一些非常重要的会晤后，包括我与中国习主席的会晤，我将（与韩国总统文在寅(Moon Jae-in)一起）离开日本前往韩国，”特朗普在Twitter上发布帖子称，“在那里，如果朝鲜的金委员长看到了这条消息，我愿在边境/非军事区与他会面，只是为了与他握手问个好（？）！”

据知情人士称，美国政府正起草一份官方邀请，为两人的会面做准备，这份官方邀请是朝鲜在特朗普发表上述帖子后要求的。

如果特朗普会见金正恩，那将是这两位领导人的第三次会面。去年两人在新加坡举行首次里程碑式的会晤，第二次会面是今年2月在河内。